After cereals, oilseeds are the second-largest food reserves in the world. According to available statistics, more than 95 percent of Iran's oil needs are imported. Given the growing need for edible oils in Iran, it is important to identify fatty acids in the oilseed crops. Camelina sativa L. is an oil-medicinal plant and belongs to the Brassicaceae family that requires very little water and fertilizers. It is known as a low input plant. In this study, to analyze the fatty acid profile for breeding programs and specific industries, 137 doubled haploid camelina lines were evaluated in terms of fatty acid composition and variability of fatty acids trait, to estimate phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), heritability, and expected genetic advance. The determination of fatty acid by gas chromatography showed that 18 types of fatty acids were detectable in camelina seed oil. It is shown that the two fatty acids (C14:0 and C16:1) have the highest PCV and GCV. The highest heritability for C20:2, C20:3 and C20:0 fatty acids was estimated 98.92, 98.59 and 96.49 percent, respectively. In this study, two lines with linoleic acid of 35.81-36.67% and four lines with values ranged from 22.08-23.00% were introduced. The ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 (0.479-0.759) was obtained in the studied lines.

This research was carried out to estimate the genetic variance components for sunflower fatty acids in two separate optimum and drought stressed conditions in Karaj during 2020 and 2021 growing seasons. The plant materials consisted of 12 hybrids derived from crossing of four restorer lines by three cytoplasmic male sterile lines (Testers) that were evaluated in two separate experiments as randomized complete block design with three replications. Drought stress made a reduction in oil yield (34 percent), oil content (six percent), stearic acid (4.7 percent) and oleic acid (10.6 percent) and an increase in palmitic acid (12 percent) and linoleic acid (2.8 percent). Line × tester interaction effect had a major role in explanation of the variance of the hybrids in terms of fatty acid content in both conditions, indicating the critical role of non-additive effects in genetic control of these traits. Under optimum irrigation, oil yield, oil content and stearic acid content were under control of both additive and dominant gene action and palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids were under control of dominant gene action. Under drought stress, except oil content which was under control of additive effects, all the other traits were under control of dominant gene action. According to the results of this study, fatty acid composition of sunflower was under control of non-additive genetic effects and the crossing-based methods and hybrid breeding could be used for improvement of sunflower in terms of fatty acid composition.