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Showing 2 results for Landraces
Ali Shuorvazdi, Seyed Abuolghasem Mohammadi, Majid Norozi, Behzad Sadeghzadeh,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (5-2014)
Abstract
Due to their adaptation to different environment conditions, landraces are valuable genetic resurces for incresing diversity of breeding germplasms and are potential resources for biotic and abiotic stress resistant genes. In the present study, genetic diversity and relationships of 119 barely landraces from different countries along with 25 commerical varieties and breeding lines were assessed, using 45 microsatellite primer pairs. In total, 225 alleles range from 2 to 14 and an average of 5 alleles per locus were amplified. Polymorphic information contenet (PIC) varied from 0.05 to 0.90 with a mean of 0.51. The minimum and maximum frequency of common allele belonged to EBMAC0788 (0.13) and GBM1411 (0.97) markers, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a higher within group variation (94%) than between group. Maximum and minimum Shannon’s and Nei gene diversity indices were observed in Iranian and Egyptian landraces, respectively. Cluster analysis using Minimum Evolution algorithm and P-distance coefficient assigned the studied genotypes into three groups. This grouping was partly consistent with geographical origins of the genotypes.
Hossein Abdi, Hadi Alipour, Iraj Bernousi, Jafar Jafarzadeh,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (9-2023)
Abstract
Evaluating the population structure is essential for understanding diversity patterns, choosing proper parents for crossing, accurate identification of genomic regions controlling traits, and evolutionary and kinship relationship studies. In this research, the genetic structure of a wheat population was studied in a panel consisting of 383 Iranian wheat genotypes of hexaploid (cultivars and landraces) and tetraploid species based on distance-based methods (principal component analysis and discriminant analysis of principal component). For this purpose, 16270 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers obtained by the GBS technique were used. According to the results, almost a quarter of the total variance was belonged to the diversity between populations, and the Fst coefficient between cultivars and landraces was equal to 0.15. In contrast, the above coefficient between tetraploid samples and hexaploid landraces was high and equal to 0.44. Genome D had the lowest value of Fst index and chromosome 4B showed the highest Fst coefficient, and other genetic diversity indices. Although the PCA biplot distinguished hexaploid wheat cultivars from landraces, it was unable to distinctly separate tetraploid genotypes from other genotypes. Accurate evaluation of the population structure with the DAPC method was able to identify and separate the predetermined successfully groups, suggesting that the DAPC approach maximizes the differentiation between groups and minimizes the changes within the group. Partial admixture between cultivars and landraces of hexaploid wheat can be related to gene exchange between these two groups or perhaps their wrong labeling at the time of collection. In general, the results of this study provided valuable information about the genetic differentiation of Iranian tetraploid and hexaploid wheat, which can be used in future wheat breeding programs. Further, protecting these genotypes in gene banks is necessary for different strategies.
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