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Showing 2 results for Karyotype
Zahra Gholamzadeh, Hamideh Javadi, Maryam Pezhmanmehr, Mehrnaz Hatami,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (9-2020)
Abstract
Astragalus with more than 800 species is one of the largest plant species in Iran and most of its species are medicinal and native. In this study, karyotypic characteristics of 21 populations from 13 species including A. vegetus, A. iranicus, A. vanillae, A. chrysostachys, A. glycyphyllos, A. bombycinos, A. campylorrhynchus, A. macrourus, A. caragana, A. ebenoides, A. pseudocyclophyllus, A. stevenianus and A. jodostachys were examined and compared. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the populations in terms of all measured traits (TL, LA, SA, AR, CI, TF%, DRL, LA% and SA%), except for traits A1 and A2. Population 25786 of A. vegetus species from Khorasan with average length of 4.51 μm had the highest total chromosome length and population 13764 of A. vanillae species from Qom with 2.67 μm had the lowest mean total chromosome length. According to the values of AR, CI, TF%, A1, A2, DRL, LA% and SA%, population 3421 of A. vegetus species is the most asymmetric and population 29586 of species A. campylorrhynchus had the most symmetrical karyotype.
Elham Azizi, Najmeh Salehan, Raheleh Rahbarian, Ali Masoomi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (2-2024)
Abstract
Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is a common widely utilized medicinal plant, especially in tropical regions. To explore the cytogenetic characteristics of purslane, an experiment was conducted on five landraces of purslane, including Qom, Khoy, Kalat, Yazd and Gachsaran in Payame Noor University of Mashhad, Iran. The results showed that in all five landraces, the basic chromosomes number was x=9; two landraces (Qom and Yazd) were tetraploid (2n=4x=36) and three landraces (Gachsaran, Khoy and Kalat) were diploid (2n=2x=18). Chromosome type was meta-centric and sub-meta-centric. The landraces of Khoy and Yazd had the longest and the shortest chromosomes respectively. In all landrace, the short arm size ranged from 5.93 µm to 8.07 µm and the long arm size ranged from 9.21 µm to 10.04 µm. According to the Stebbins' Table, landrace of Qom was the member of class 1B and others were members of class 1A. This represents a similar and primary evolutionary situation between landraces. In the clustering of different landraces in terms of karyotypic traits, Khoy and Kalat landraces were placed in one cluster and each of Gachsaran, Yazd and Qom landraces were placed in separate branches. PCA showed that the first three traits as Length of Long arm, Length of short arm and Length of total chromosome explained more than 97% of the total variation among the landraces. In general, considering the medicinal properties and wide distribution of purslane, determining the ploidy level and chromosomal study of different landraces of this plant can be effective in breeding and increasing its quantitative and qualitative production.
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