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Showing 3 results for Epistasis
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Volume 4, Issue 1 (9-2017)
Abstract
Drought is a worldwide risk seriously influencing production of agricultural plants such as coriander. In order to evaluate heritability and gene action for important quantitative traits in coriander in three irrigation regimes, including well water (WW), mild water stress (MWS) and severe water stress (SWS), a cross between two genotypes of TN-59-158 (Sensitive parent) and TN-59-230 (Tolerant parent) was done. Parents and progenies of triple test cross were evaluated in filed condition through a randomized complete block design with three replications. Days to 50% flowering (DTF), days to harvest (DTH), fruit yield (FY), thousand fruit weight (TFW), harvest index (HI), relative water content (RWC), essential oil yield (EOY) were measured. Results showed that total epistasis effect was observed for all traits except RWC in WW. Also, total epistasis effect was observed for all traits except DTF in MWS and SWS. Partitioning of total epistasis revealed that [i] type of epistasis was contributed to determining DTF and TFW in WW and MWS treatments, DTH, FY and RWC in MWS and SWS treatments, and HI and EOY in WW, MWS and SWS treatments.
Dr Reza Darvishzadeh, Dr Hadi Alipour, Dr Ahmad Sarrafi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (3-2018)
Abstract
Black stem disease is one of the most important fungi diseases in sunflower. Information about the mode of heritability and the effects of genes controlling trait could be most important for selecting breeding methods to black stem disease resistance. In this study, genotypes ENSAT-B5 and AS613 and a mutant genotype M5-54-1 with different response to MP8 and MP10 isolates were selected and F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 generations were made from ENSAT-B5×AS613 and ENSAT-B5×M5-54-1 crosses. Generations of crossing and parents of each set were planted in a completely randomized design with three replications and infected by M8 and M10 isolates. With the exception of the [(♀) M5-54-1 × ENSAT-B5 (♂)-MP10] cross, the lack of fit test of simple three parametric additive-dominance models for the [(♀) AS613 × ENSAT-B5 (♂)-MP8] and [(♀) AS613 × ENSAT-B5 (♂)-MP10] crosses were significant, indicating the presence of non-allelic interactions in the inheritance of the black stem disease resistance. In the estimated models for the different crosses, high and significant amount of dominant effects and dominant × dominant interactions suggested the importance of non-additive genetic effects. Therefore, selection for this trait in early generation could not be effectively successful and hybrid development is highly recommended for increasing the resistance to the black stem disease.
Reza Amiri, Sohbat Bahraminejad, Kianoosh Cheghamirza,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (8-2021)
Abstract
The study of the genetic structure controlling agronomic traits is one of the preconditions for selecting the appropriate breeding method. In order to analyze genetic of some agronomic traits of bread wheat using generation mean analysis, parents and different generations resulting from the cross of Marvdasht × MV-17 wheat cultivars were assessed in a randomized complete block design with three replicates under normal and terminal drought stress conditions in Research Farm of Razi University (Iran) during 2015-2016 cropping season. Based on the results of weighted ANOVA, a significant difference was observed between different generations for most of the studied traits under both conditions. Generations mean analysis revealed that in addition to the additive and dominance gene effects, a variety of epistatic effects also played a role in the inheritance of most traits, and therefore cannot hope for the success of selection in first generations. The role of additive gene effect was greater than the dominance one for plant height, peduncle length and awn length, indicating usefulness of using recurrent selection to aggregate these genes followed by selecting lines with favorable agronomic characteristics. The model of genetic control for most of the traits was similar under both conditions in terms of the presence or absence of non-allelic interactions and it has not been widely affected by drought stress. The broad-sense heritability for plant height, peduncle length and awn length was estimated to be high under both conditions. The broad-sense heritability for kernel yield was moderate estimated under both conditions, but the narrow-sense heritability was very low. In general, considering the greater role of the non-additive gene effect for most of the traits, the selection is suggested in advanced generations and after access to a high level of gene fixation.
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