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Showing 3 results for Salinity

Seyede Minoo Mirarab Razi, Reza Shirzadian-Khorramabad2, Hossein Sabouri, Babak Rabiei, Hossein Hosseini Moghadam5,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (9-2019)
Abstract

Salinity is an important limiting factor in the production of more plants, including rice. Due to the limited amount of cultivated area, identification of tolerant genotypes to environmental stresses and especially salinity is very important. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity among 114 recombinant lines derived from the intersection of local Tarom × Khazar cultivars under non stress conditions and salinity levels of 8 dS/m in reproductive stage in a completely randomized design. Combined analysis of variance showed that the differences between lines was significant for all traits. Genotypic variation coefficients also showed that the highest genetic variation among the evaluated recombinant lines was related to the number of panicles per plant. In contrast, days to 50% flowering showed the least genetic variation among these lines. In non stress and stress conditions, the highest genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficient was observed between grain yield and number of fill grain in seedlings. Based on the cluster analysis of grain yield, the lines were classified into four groups under normal conditions and were classified into three groups under salinity conditions. The third-party lines in both cases had a higher average than the overall average. In general, the results of this study showed that there is a significant genetic variation between the studied lines in terms of salt tolerance and this variety can be used in subsequent corrective programs. Accordingly, lines 83, 81, 56, 39, 37 and 89 were the most sensitive lines and lines 107, 101, 16, 100, 84, 98, 47, 32, 14, 29, 95, 63, 5, 49, 92 and 10 were the most tolerant lines to salinity stresses of 8 dS/m and they also had higher yields and yield components. Strained lines are proposed directly for cultivating saline or for transferring salt tolerance to commercial cultivars through future breeding programs.


Elina Nazari Khakshoor, Amin Azadi, Peyman Fourozesh, Alireza Etminan, Eslam Majidi Hervan,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (9-2022)
Abstract

Salinity stress falls into the major environmental factors that limit the production of various crops, including wheat. An effective approach to reducing the impacts of stress is the production of new salinity-tolerant cultivars. Accordingly, identifying effective genes and molecular mechanisms responsible for salinity tolerance is an essential step for breeding programs. In this investigation, a population of F12 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) comprising 186 genotypes was studied to identify the loci that control some physiological traits and element concentrations in the wheat seedling stage under salinity stress. Totally, 12 quantitative traits loci (QTLs) were identified for wet weight, dry weight, length, and sodium and potassium contents using the composite interval mapping (CIM) analysis. Most of the identified QTLs were located on chromosomes B and D. A gene ontology (GO) analysis specified candidate genes in QTL regions. However, it is noteworthy that candidate genes need confirmation using marker-assisted identification. The prioritization of genes resulted in determining 3486 candidate genes in 19 GO phrases (including eight biological processes). These genes are involved in the processes of glutathione metabolism, L-phenylalanine catabolism, cytoplasmic translation, auxin-activated signaling pathway, transcriptional regulation, DNA-patterning, protoporphyrinogen IX, cell wall organization and genesis, xyloglucan tRNA metabolism, protein glycosylation, pigment biosynthesis, etc. GO may be introduced for identifying novel CGs in which the associated QTL is responsible for complicated traits.
 

Samira Karimi, Maghsoud Pazhouhandeh, Kambiz Azizpour,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (9-2022)
Abstract

Transgenic plants and their products are being developed day by day due to their improved characteristics, and it is necessary to evaluate the safety of these plants before releasing them. Hence, the importance of the issue of biosafety of transgenic plants and the use of their products has led the regulatory agencies to create some laws called substantial equivalence. based on that, the essential nutrients of transgenic plants are examined and compared with the control. The present study aimed to compare the transgenic potato line F (salinity-resistant) with non-transgenic Agria cultivar plants. The salt resistant potato line was produced by transferring Arabidopsis SOS3 gene to potato (Agria variety) and its resistance was confirmed. First, the presence of AtSOS3 gene in F-line plants was confirmed and then the substantial equivalent experiments were performed by comparing the production of proline, soluble sugars, carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b, the relative expression of Catalase1 (CAT1) and AtSOS3 gene between F and non-transgenic WT Agria plants. Based on evaluations of physiological traits and some metabolites (proline content, soluble sugars, carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b) and morphological traits (plant height, dry and fresh weight of plant) between line F and WT, no significant difference was observed. The number of microbiome colonies around the root in the transgenic F and non-transgenic WT plants was a non-significant difference, which indicates that the transgenic line has no threatening effects on the environment and human pathogenicity. The relative expression of AtSOS3 and Catalase1 genes in line F had higher values than WT. The reason for such increase in the expression of Catalase1 is the activation of plant defense mechanisms against stress. Finally, the results of the evaluations proved the equality of line F and WT


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