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Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) is an herbaceous and perennial plant species which belongs to the Asteraceae family. Yarrow's essential oil has different compounds of monoterpene and sesquiterpens, which its main constituents are pinene and linalool. These compunds have anti-microbial and anti-pest activities and also can be used in the food industry, perfumery and cosmetics.The aim of the present study was to use the degenerate primers approach in order to isolate Pinene synthase and linalool synthase genes from Yarrow plant. Up to date, there is no any report on the availability of these genes in the world gene bank. In this investigation the total RNA was extracted from Yarrow then pinene synthase and linalool synthase genes were isolated, using degenerate primers and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). PCR amplified two bands of 250 bp and 720 bp. The sequence data were compared with NCBI gene bank data. The results of diversity study among varieties and families based on Pis and Lis genes showed most similarity between Achillea and Artemisia plants. Also this similarity was seen between Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families and these families grouped together same group. These results also showed a relatively high similarity of Pis and Lis with some other plants which confirmed sequencing data.

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Yarrow plant or plain short type yarrow, known as Achillea wilhelmsii C. kock, belongs to Asteraceae family. The present study was conducted in order to evaluate three different yarrow populations for determination of their genetic relationship, using morphological traits in the form of nested design as completely randomized with ten replications. General heritability of all traits ranged from 98 to 100, indicating a high heritability for these traits. The highest coefficient of genetic variation belonged to root diameter (1.66), indicating the existence of hifh diversity among genotypes. The lowest coefficient of genetic variation belonged to leaf length to width ratio (0.36), suggesting a low level of variation for this character. Based on PCA analysis, the first two components justified almost 90 percent of total variations. The three populations were nearly separated according to biplot analysis. Also, cluster analysis confirmed the biplot results and the populations were identified as three separated clusters which reflect the apparent difference among yarrow populations. The results of this study showed a wide genetic diversity for evaluated populations with regarding measured traits in Hormozgan province. Aforementioned findings indicated a dormant potentials of native yarrow populaton in south Iran and high value of these resources and obviously more attention need to be paid to identify, maintenance, assessing and apply them in breeding programs.