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Showing 25 results for Cluster Analysis
Mohammad Ali Ebrahimi, Rahim Mohammadian, Marouf Khalili,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (9-2016)
Abstract
Estimation of genetic variation in crops, a very important role in the development of breeding programs and preservation of genetic resources through morphological characteristics, is possible. To identifying genetic variation and double haploid barley lines classification in relation to germination traits, 72 lines derived from the cross of Steptoe and Morex were evaluated in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications, at three conditions including normal and two salinity levels of NaCl (100 and 200 mM NaCl). Investigated traits in this study were coefficient of velocity of germination, final germination percentage, mean germination daily, germination rate index and average germination speed. The results indicated that considerable genetic variation among genotypes in all traits. Genetical correlation based on average of the three environments indicated that high significant correlation exist (r= 0.85**) between the daily germination and final germination percentage. In this study, the highest value of phenotypic and genotypic variation coefficient, broad and narrow sense heritability and genetic gain were calculated for final germination percentag. Based on cluster analysis, barley genotypes were grouped into three categories and genotypes of the third cluster, were superior coefficient of variation of germination, germination percentage, germination rate and mean daily germination index, but had low a mount of germination rate. Therefore, the genotype of this group can be used in breeding for high germination percentage. Using principle component analysis; five traits were grouped in the form of two new variables that explained 99.061 percent of the total variance. Analysis biplot indicated that the genotypes of first group have a high percentage of germination index and germination index coefficients.
Reza Nikooseresh, Goodarz Najafian,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (9-2016)
Abstract
In order to study genetic diversity, heritability and relation of some important traits with grain yield in bread wheat, 20 bread wheat irrigated lines evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications during two cropping cycles/years. Based on combined analysis results, there were a significant difference between genotypes. Also, in all traits, coefficient of phenotypic variation was greater than coefficient of genetical variation, indicating the effect of environment on investigated traits. The significant correlation between grain yield and number of days to maturity, spikes per m2 and the grains per spike. number of days to heading and number of days to maturity had highest heritability among traits, with 87 and 69%, respectively. Results of this showed that selection of early heading or shorter no. of days to heading and early maturing or shorter number of days to maturity is recommended to breeders for selection materials favorable for terminal warm condition and water shortage, preventing grain yield reduction. Results of cluster analysis showed that genotypes are divided in six groups. Totally, six superior genotypes from the fourth cluster were selected as superior lines. Based on bi-plot analysis, genotypes 14 and 5 showed the lowest genotype × trait interaction, but genotypes 16 and 8 showed the highest genotype × trait interaction.
Mohammad Reza Salavati Meybodi, Gholam Ali Ranjbar, Seyed Kamal Kazemitabar, Hamid Najafi Zarrini,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (9-2017)
Abstract
Water stress is one of the most common environmental stresses that limited tobacco production in IRAN. Identification of genetic diversity in tobacco germplasm and genetic relationships between traits help to improve tolerant varieties. In this study, the genetic diversity of 100 flue–cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivars was analyzed using 15 morpho-physiological traits and 25 ISSR primers. The cultivars were cultured in a simple lattice design (10×10) with two replications (with and without water stress) in Tirtash Tobacco Institute, Iran. Results showed relative water content (RWC) and cell membrane stability (CMS) in normal condition were significantly higher than stress condition. The estimated broadsense heritability was low for RWC and CMS that represents large environmental effects on these two traits. The results of genotypes clustering by UPGMA method with ISSR markers and by WARD method with morph-physiological traits did not match. Primer UBC814: (CT) 8A with 16 polymorphic bands of the 17 bands, had higher resolution than other primers and seems appropriate for molecular diversity studies in tobacco. The K394 genotype was identified as well as drought tolerant varieties. We can use results of this study for selecting genotypes with great genetic differences and chose the desirable traits and use in breeding programs for producing high heterosis hybrid with tolerance to drought stress in tobacco.
Mehdi Ramezani, Mehdi Rahimi,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (9-2017)
Abstract
Ispaghula (Plantago ovata) is used to reduce gastrointestinal and urinary tract infections, as well as control blood glucose and cholesterol levels in the human body. The phylogeny and genetic diversity of 22 different ecotypes of Ispaghula were evaluated using 12 ISSR markers and nine morphological and phenological traits. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among cultivars for all traits. Cluster analysis grouped 22 different ecotypes of Ispaghula in two groups using UPGMA method based on field data. The assessment of genetic diversity among ecotypes based molecular markers showed that the 12 primers amplified 91 polymorphic bands. The maximum number of bands (11) was produced by UBC813 and primers UBC811 with 10 bands were in the next steps, respectively. The minimum band number (4) was produced by UBC824. Polymorphism information content (PIC) value was varied from 0.26 to 0.45 and Marker index (MI) was varied from 0.90 to 4.13. Cluster analysis using UPGMA based on molecular markers, placed 22 ecotypes in the study in five groups, include 1, 1, 2, 3 and 15 ecotypes, respectively. Grouping of ecotypes with molecular markers was different with classification of the ecotypes based morphological traits. According to the results, ecotypes that are far apart can be used in the breeding program of Ispaghula.
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Volume 4, Issue 2 (3-2018)
Abstract
Evaluation of genetic diversity in medicinal plants is one of the most important evolutionary and breeding goals. Recent developments in polymerase chain reaction brings the possibility of evaluation the individuals of a population in more sites of genome, and among different DNA molecular markers, the ISSR marker was successfully used in study of the genetic diversity of different plants. The genetic diversity of 43 individuals from five populations of Styrian Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo var. styriaca) and 4 individuals from one population of C. maxima which cultivated in Shahid Beheshti University collection (Tehran, Iran) was investigated using 12 ISSR markers. Totally, 83 scorable bands were produced by ISSR markers and the mean for the produced band for each marker was 6.91 and 100% of scorable bands were polymorphic. Dendrogram was illustrated based on Jaccard coefficient similarity matric and algorithm of Complete Linkage. Based on cluster analysis, individuals of populations divided into five main groups. The results of the grouping through principal coordinate analysis and cluster analysis showed that groupings by the two mentioned methods were consonant with each other and have made a similarity grouping. The cophenetic coefficient was calculated as 0.97. Totally, the results of present study showed that the some of used ISSR markers could be useful for future study of genetic variation in Cucurbita pepo.
Halbibi Badirdast, Seyed Yahya Salehi-Lisar, Hossain Sabouri, Ali Movafeghi, Ebrahim Gholamalalipour Alamdari,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (9-2018)
Abstract
One of the main objectives of plant breeding is defining the relationship between genotype and phenotype. Nowadays, molecular markers provide powerful tools to evaluate this relationship for plant breeders. In this study, genetic diversity of 112 rice lines was evaluated by 20 pairs of SSR markers which linked to drought tolerant alleles. Totally, 77 polymorphic alleles with mean of 3.85 alleles per primer pairs were amplified. The minimum number of alleles was belonged to RM28199 and RM212 markers with 2 alleles, and the maximum number of alleles was belonged to RM72 marker with 6 alleles. The range of PIC for the examined markers was 0.30 to 0.72 and the mean of PIC was 0.58. The maximum amount of PIC was belonged to RM85 and RM20A markers and the minimum of PIC was belonged to RM28099 marker. Considering the gene diversity coeficient, RM28099 and RM 85 markers had minimum (0.33) and maximum (0.76) diversity, respectively. The stepwise regression analysis of the microsatellite data and morphologic traits identified 62 and 54 informative alleles for the evaluated traits in flooding and drought conditions, respectivly. Cluster analysis based on molecular data divided the genotypes into 7 groups. Considering the appropriate distribution of amplified DNA by the studied markers in this study, markers that have high separation power and high association with important agronomic traits in drought stress condition (if further experiments confirmed them), could be employed in plant breeding programs of drought stress.
Mahtab Samadi Gorji, Ali Zaman Mirabadi, Kambiz Forozzan, Mostafa Haghpanah,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (3-2019)
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity in 72 peanut accessions (Arachis hypogaea L.), which introduced from seed bank of Australia in training and seed production research center of oilseeds company, Iran. Twelve major morphological traits recorded during 2013 growing season using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the difference between genotypes for all traits was significant. In addition, coefficient of phenotypic variation was greater than coefficient of genotypic variation for all traits, indicating the effect of environment on recorded traits. The broad-sense heritability ranged from 80.25% (for seed width) to 99.54% (for 100 seed weight) and was 96.85% for grain yield. The highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation obtained for the pod weight, thus, it is possible to improve this trait by selection method and this trait could use as a selection index to improve grain yield. Genetic correlation indicated a high significant correlation between grain yield with grain weight and pod yield. The studied genotypes divided to four groups by cluster analysis based on Ward method.
Elham Nasiri, Atefeh Sabouri, Akbar Forghani, Masoud Esfahani,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (3-2019)
Abstract
In order to select the best parents for crossings, plant breeders seek varieties or genotypes with highest genetic dissimilarities. This can be achieved by measuring the similarities among genotypes, using multivariate analysis methods such as cluster analysis. This study aimed to group 50 aerobic and lowland rice genotypes based on biochemical characteristics including Iron, Zinc, Manganese and protein, and their linked DNA markers. According to the cluster analysis results using Ward method, the genotypes were assigned to four groups. The third group, as the smallest group including three genotypes (IR82635-B-B-82-2, Caiapo, and Gohar), had the highest value for these micronutrients. Their mean value for Iron, Zinc, Manganese, and protein were 32.39, 34.15, 25.66 mg/kg and 6.71%, respectively. Also, all genotypes were classified into two main groups based on microsatellite markers information, that according to QTL mapping studies these markers were identified as linked to elements. So, the most of non-local genotypes and aerobic rice cultivars were assigned in a separate group. The correlation between Euclidean distance of elements and protein matrix and genetic similarity matrix (Nie) using Mental correlation test was estimated significant (p<0.01) that can be evidence of a genetic relationship between the SSR markers and genome controlling regions of elements in this population.
Seyede Minoo Mirarab Razi, Reza Shirzadian-Khorramabad2, Hossein Sabouri, Babak Rabiei, Hossein Hosseini Moghadam5,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (9-2019)
Abstract
Salinity is an important limiting factor in the production of more plants, including rice. Due to the limited amount of cultivated area, identification of tolerant genotypes to environmental stresses and especially salinity is very important. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity among 114 recombinant lines derived from the intersection of local Tarom × Khazar cultivars under non stress conditions and salinity levels of 8 dS/m in reproductive stage in a completely randomized design. Combined analysis of variance showed that the differences between lines was significant for all traits. Genotypic variation coefficients also showed that the highest genetic variation among the evaluated recombinant lines was related to the number of panicles per plant. In contrast, days to 50% flowering showed the least genetic variation among these lines. In non stress and stress conditions, the highest genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficient was observed between grain yield and number of fill grain in seedlings. Based on the cluster analysis of grain yield, the lines were classified into four groups under normal conditions and were classified into three groups under salinity conditions. The third-party lines in both cases had a higher average than the overall average. In general, the results of this study showed that there is a significant genetic variation between the studied lines in terms of salt tolerance and this variety can be used in subsequent corrective programs. Accordingly, lines 83, 81, 56, 39, 37 and 89 were the most sensitive lines and lines 107, 101, 16, 100, 84, 98, 47, 32, 14, 29, 95, 63, 5, 49, 92 and 10 were the most tolerant lines to salinity stresses of 8 dS/m and they also had higher yields and yield components. Strained lines are proposed directly for cultivating saline or for transferring salt tolerance to commercial cultivars through future breeding programs.
Leili Tahani, Mehrana Koohi Dehkordi, Hamid Dehghanzade,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (9-2019)
Abstract
German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is an s an annual plant of the composite family Asteraceae. This plant is native to the Mediterranean region, and some researchers have reported its origins in Asia. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of nine chamomile populations using the SCoT marker. Ten SCoT primers were used. A total of 141 bands were produced, of which 140 bands (96.5%) showed polymorphism. Cluster analysis was performed using UPGMA algorithm based on Jaccard's coefficient of similarity. The results of cluster analysis and principal components analysis divided the chamomile population into four groups. The results of the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the inter-group variation was greater than the intra-group variation, so that 55% of variation was related to the diversity among the groups. The results of this study showed that SCoT markers have high efficiency in determining the genetic diversity and relationships of the chamomile populations.
Hossein Astaraki, Peyman Sharifi, Fatemeh Sheikh,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (3-2020)
Abstract
In order to estimation genotypic correlation and heritability of some faba bean traits, 26 faba bean genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2014-16 growing seasons in Agricultural Research Sation of Borujerd located in Lorestan province, Iran. The restricted maximum likelihood (REML) was used to estimate the genotypic and phenotypic correlations, broad sence heritability and genetic gain. Analysis of variance based on least squares and REML indicated significant effect of genotype on days to maturity, plant height, hundred seed weight, pod length and dry seed yield. Genotype ×year interactions were significant on all of the traits except of pod length. Borujerd cultivar (G26) and G20 had the highest dry seed yield in both of years. REML results indicated a significant positive genetic correlation between dry seed yield and biological yield and plant height. Also, there were a significant negative phenotypic correlation between dry seed yield and days to maturity, and significant positive phenotypic correlation between dry seed yield and plant height, biological yield and harvest index. So, the selection of early maturing genotypes with a higher yield is achievable and selection can be done to improve the performance of dry seed yield. Cluster analysis indicated variability among genotypes. According to values of broad sence heritability and genetic gain for plant height and high genetic correlation of this trait and dry seed yield; plant height can be used as a suitable trait for improving dry seed yield by selection.
Peyman Masoumi, Fatemeh Amini, Hossein Ramshini,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (3-2020)
Abstract
Genetic diversity is the basis of breeding studies in many plant species and is one of the most important indicators for selecting parents. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the genetic diversity of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) using agronomic traits such as plant height, spring growth score, days to flowering, days to pollination, flag leaf length and width, panicle length, weight of 100 seed and seed yield per plant. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Based on the results, the ecotypes were significantly different for all of the evaluated traits with the exception of 100 seed weight. The highest phenotypic variation coefficient (58.66), genetic variation coeficient (58.32) and heritability (0.97) were related to plant height. The correlation between traits showed that ecotypes with higher height, panicle length and flag leaf height and spring growth score have higher seed yield. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that in the regression model for seed yield per plant, the panicle length, alone, justified 60.95% of the variation. Cluster analysis grouped 25 ecotypes into three groups. Analysis of variance of agronomic traits as well as yield and related traits showed that grouping caused mean squares between groups in all traits (except flag leaf width). In this study, high genetic diversity and high heritability for evaluated traits showed the potentials of genetic improvement.
Ali Dowlatshah, Ahmad Ismaili, Hadi Ahmadi, Karim Khademi, Daryoush Goudarzi,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (3-2021)
Abstract
Plant breeding researches is based on genetic diversity and evaluation of genetic diversity is also one of the most important steps in introduction of new cultivars. In this study, genetic diversity of 25 grass pea genotypes was studied based on randomized complete block design with three replicates in Khorramabad (Iran). Analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for most of traits. Mean comparison showed that genotype IF1312 with the highest grain yield and genotypes IF1332 and IF471 with the highest dry and fresh forage yield had the best yield. Principal component analysis showed that the first 3 factors explained 62.64% of total variance. Based on cluster analysis, genotypes IF1307, IF1872 and IF471 with the highest grain and forage yield are belonged to one cluster. REML method was used to estimate genetic correlation and heritability of different traits. The highest amount of heritability (0.87) was estimated for number of immature grains and the least heritability (0.10) was estimated for total dry weight. Grain yield had a high and positive genetic correlation with forage yield, and biomass, percentage of leaf and dry forage yield also had a high and positive genetic correlation with fresh forage yield. Totally, genotype IF1307 had the best performance for most of traits compared to the other genotypes and had an acceptable forage yield among genotypes.
Hossein Zeinalzadeh-Tabrizi, Sadollah Mansouri, Abbas Fallah-Toosi,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (8-2021)
Abstract
Analysis of genotype by environment interaction using different statistical methods is very important in plant breeding. In order to evaluate the seed yield stability of promising sesame lines using different parametric and non-parametric statistics, an experiment was conducted using 13 promising sesame lines with check variety Oltan at three locations of Karaj, Mashhad, and Moghan (Iran) in a randomized complete block design with four replications over two years (2016 and 2017). Combined analysis of variance for seed yield of promising sesame lines showed that the effect of genotype and the three-way interaction of genotype × year × location at the level of 0.01% probability were statistically significant. Karaj-96 environment with 1346 kg/ha and Mashhad-96 environment with 1001 kg/ha had the highest and lowest mean yield, respectively. The highest and lowest mean seed yield among genotypes in all test environments were related to G6 line with 1444 kg/ha and G12 line with 762 kg/ha, respectively. Heatmap along with cluster analysis divided both genotypes and stability parameters into three groups. Based on cluster analysis, genotype G12 was clustered into the first group, genotypes G1, G3, G7, G8, and G13 were clustered into the second group and the rest of the genotypes along with the check cultivar Oltan were clustered into the third group. The genotypes of the second group with the highest rank in most criteria of stability stasistics were stable compared to other genotypes and among them, the genotypes G8, G1 and G3 (with mean yields 1417, 1398 and 1291 Kg/ha, repectively) were selected and recommended in the test locations due to their average yield above the average yield of all genotypes.
Samaneh Akbari, Omidali Akbarpour, Payam Pezeshkpour,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (8-2021)
Abstract
The challenge of the interaction of genotype × environment is one of the main issues in plant breeding. Various statistical methods to estimate the interaction of genotype × environment and choice the stable and productive genotype(s) have been introduced. In this study, 14 lentil genotypes along with two controls (Sepehr and Gachsaran cultivars) were evaluated during four growing seasons (2016-2020). The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete blocks design in three replications at Sarab Changai Agricultural Research Station, Khorammabad (Iran). The combined analysis of variance was used to investigate the interaction of genotype × environment, and results of the analysis showed significant effects for genotype, year, and genotype × environment interaction. Genotypes G5 (FLIP2014-032L) and G12 (ILL8006) were introduced based on Si(1), Si(2), and NPi(1) statistics as stable and high-yielding genotypes. Based on various non-parametric statistics, genotypes G5 (FLIP2014-032L) with a mean grain yield of 1574.68 kg.ha-1 and G12 (ILL8006) with a mean grain yield of 1333.6 kg.ha-1 were introduced as stable genotypes. The heritability rate was estimated on the plot mean basis for yield trait in four years (0.61 ± 0.18) which indicated the capability of the studied genotypes to be selected and improved for grain yield. Based on the results of cluster analysis, the genotypes were divided into three main clusters. The highest distance was observed between the second and third groups. The first cluster included highly stable genotypes.
Mahmood Aslanparviz, Varahram Rashidi, Mansour Omidi, Alireza Etminan, Alireza Ahmadzadeh,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Evaluation of genetic diversity is the key principal for plant breeding, providing an opportunity to discover novel characters and alleles for breeders. In the present study, 69 durum wheat genotypes were investigated for genetic diversity using several inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Sixteen ISSR primers amplified a total of 163 fragments, which out 160 fragments were polymorphic. The mean values of polymorphic information content (PIC), resolving power (Rp) and marker index (MI) indicated that the used ISSR primers could be exploited for further assessing relationships among investigated genotypes and population structure analysis. The results of the molecular analysis of variance showed that the genetic variation within populations is more than between them. Based on genetic variation parameters, the highest number of observed alleles (Na), Shannon’s information index (I) and the percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) were found in Iranian landraces. Cluster analysis and population structure grouped all investigated genotypes into three main clusters and six subpopulations, respectively. In conclusion, our results revealed the high rate of genetic diversity within Iranian landraces, so this germplasm can be used as a valuable gene source for the selection of parent lines and use of them in durum wheat breeding programs.
Soheila Afkar, Faranak Hadi, Ali Ashraf Jafari,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Festuca is one of the largest genera of the grass family, which has more than 600 species with different ploidy levels. The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic diversity within 22 populations of three species of Festuca (Festuca arundinacea, F.rubra and F.ovina) using a seed storage protein electrophoresis pattern. These species showed a significant variation in the number of protein bands from 5-13. The highest number of bands was found in G17 (F.rubra) and the lowest number of protein bands was in G5 (F.ovina). Band number 14 was only observed in G3. It is suggested that this band can be considered as a specific band for the identification of this genotype. According to the results of AMOVA analysis, there is a high level of genetic diversity within the species rather than between species that can be due to the out-crossing nature of this genus. According to observed differences for variation parameters among the three studied species, it is concluded that they have dissimilar genetic structures. The results of cluster analysis based on seed storage protein profiles in evaluated genotypes using Euclidean distance matrix and UPGMA method showed four groups. The lowest similarity coefficient was between G14 and G15 (F.arundinacea) with G6 (F.ovina). Hence, it is suggested that they evolved from a different evolutionary process and it is suggested to use them as the parents of new synthetic varieties. The observed diversity in the seed protein pattern in the three species of Festuca, can be explained by allogamy-induced-heterozygosity, species difference or population collection from various regions.
Shahla Hosseini, Mohammad Reza Rahgozar, Hedieh Badakhshan,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Genus Allium L. contains very taxonomically complex sections, especially the subgenus Melanocrommyum. The systematic position of the species in each section has been revised many times over time. In the present study, the relationship between 32 ecotypes belonging to 10 different species of Allium was investigated using ISSR markers. The nine primers used produced 166 polymorphic bands (average 18 bands per primer). Among the primers used, ISSR873 primer with 27 bands made the most, and ISSR4 primer with two bands had the lowest polymorphic bands. The PIC of the markers ranged from 0.04 to 0.43. Cluster analysis by UPGMA method based on molecular markers divided the studied ecotypes into four groups. The clustering and principal coordinate analysis results showed that most morphologically similar species were grouped in closed clusters. According to Dice similarity coefficient, the highest percentage of similarity was shown between Allium stipitatum and Allium saralicum ecotypes (72 percent) from the Melanocrommyum subgenus, and the lowest similarity was obtained between Allium tripedale and Allium iranicum ecotypes (12 percent). The ecotypes with the lowest similarity percentage belong to the subgenus Allium and Nectaroscordum, which are placed in separate clusters. Based on the results, the ecotypes of Pseudoprason, Melanocrommyum, and Procerallium sections showed the highest affinity. In general, it can be concluded that ISSR markers are useful for classifying Allium species and have sufficient potential for phylogenetic studies of species. In addition, due to significant genetic diversity among the studied ecotypes of wild Allium species, this diversity can be used in future breeding programs of crop.
Ahmad Kaab Omeyr, Payam Pourmohammadi, Abdolali Gilani, Khalil Alami-Saeid, Mohammad Fakhari,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Various strategies have been developed to reduce water consumption in rice cultivation, including rice cultivation in water-saturated soil, drying and wetting of the soil (periodic irrigation), and aerobic rice cultivation. In this study, in order to identify and grouping rice cultivars suitable for aerobic cultivation, 34 cultivars of native and improved rice cultivars were selected and evaluated. Factor analysis based on principal components analysis based on all traits showed that 6 factors were extracted with special values of more than one. These 6 factors, after the Varimax rotation, justify the 6 main and independent factors, justifying 78.08% of the total variation. In the first harvest, cluster analysis using WARD method, cultivars were grouped into 4 groups, which cluster 3 being the largest cluster. Discriminant analysis of first harvest, showed that all cultivars were grouped correctly. In canonical discriminant the first two canonical functions with eigenvalues greater than one explained a total of 88.9% of the variance. In cluster analysis based on the average of the data obtained from Raton product, genotypes were divided into two different groups. The genotypes of the first group were higher than the genotypes of the second group in terms of yield and yield components and were introduced as superior genotypes. Heritability with genetic improvement for leaf area duration, number of seedling (grown plants), number of spikes per unit area, number of full seeds and degree of maturity showed that these traits can be transferred to hybrid offspring and selections based on these traits are effective.
Davood Kiani, Gholamreza Ghodrati, Sadollah Mansouri,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (9-2022)
Abstract
Sesame is an important crop plant for harsh environmental conditions because it is relatively resistance to drought stress. Evaluation of different genotypes in different climate condition plays a fundamental role in selection of the best genotypes before the commercial release of a variety and helping in identify plant traits that should be monitored during breeding experiments. In the present study, 10 promising lines obtained from the preliminary yield test were investigated to evaluate the yield compatibility along with 6 local cultivars in a randomized complete block design experiment with three replications in two cropping years (2018 and 2019) in Dashtestan climate condition in Bushehr province. During the growing season, phenology traits, grain yield components and grain yield were measured. Based on the results of ANOVA, statistically significant difference was observed between different genotypes for plant height, height of the first sub branch, height of the first capsule, number of sub branches, number of capsules per plant, length of capsule, length of capsule bearing zone, number of seeds in capsule and grain yield. Based on the mean comparison and biplot analysis the genotype 12 (Local Dashtestan), 2 (SES97-103), 7 (SES97-110) and 15 (Local Jiroft), were identified as superior genotypes for grain yield. Genotype 5 (SES97-105) and genotypes 14 (SES97-124) with 104.5 days and 4 (Local Darab1) with 111 showed the highest and lowest number of days to maturity, respectively. First capsule height showed the highest positive and significant phenotype (0.56) and genetic (0.78) correlation with grain yield. Days to the end of flowering and days to physiological maturity traits showed a negative genetic correlation with yield. Cluster analysis separated 16 sesame genotypes into four separate groups. Based on regression analysis, the height of the first capsule was identified as the most sensitive trait in predicting the yield of sesame genotypes in Dashtestan region in Bushehr province, which seems it can be considered during breeding programs.
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