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Showing 8 results for Ismaili
Sedigh Ebrahimi, Abdolhossein Rezaei Nejad, Ahmad Ismaili, Farhad Karami,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (2-2015)
Abstract
Evaluation of genetic diversity among apricot genotypes may increase our genetic knowledge and provide better plant materials for selection of desirable genotypes. In this study, genetic diversity of 26 apricot genotypes phenological and physiological traits of 26 apricot cultivars collected at Kurdistan agricultural research station was studied based on a randomized complete block design with three replications for phenological and physiological traits. Analysis of variance showed that the effect of genotype on flower initiation, flowering period, relative water content (RWC), ion leakage, proline and potassium content of flower pistil tissue, spring frost damage to flowers, harvest date, total soluble solids, titratable Acidity (TA) and pH was significant at the 1% level. These results indicated that the existence of significant genetic variation among studied genotypes. The lowest heritability (28.5%) was belonged to date of 50% flowering, indicating the strong effect of environmental factors on this trait. The highest heritability (99%) estimated for related traits to yield including total soluble solids, fruit harvesting period and uniform rippening, suggested that the influence of environmental effects on these traits were very low.
Ali Darvishian, Ahmad Ismaili, Farhad Nazarian-Firouzabadi, Reza Mirdrikvand, Tahmasb Hosseinpour,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (3-2016)
Abstract
Plant breeding is selection of advanced genotypes and its progress depends on correct evaluation of genetic variation. Among different selection procedure, molecular markers have a good potential for evaluation of variation. In this research, RAPD molecular markers were used to evaluation of genetic diversity among 25 wheat cultivars and advanced breeding lines. Genomic DNA was extracted from leaves by Dellaporta method and 30 primers were used for PCR amplification. Results of Primers led to 200 storable electrophoretic bands which 130 of them (65%) were polymorphic. F4 and A18 primers produced the greatest and lowest band, respectively. Cluster analysis was performed based on band presence (1) and absence (0) using Jaccard coefficient similarity and UPGMA method. Similarity coefficient ranged from 0.22 to 0.87 with an average of 0.64. The highest similarity (0.87) was observed between Azar2 and Sardari and lowest similarity (0.22) was observed between Seimareh and BAVICORA. With cut of line on 0.72 in dendrogram, 6 main groups were clustered and other genotypes were clustered in different group. Regarding to the high similarity among these genotypes, it is necessary to develop the wheat germplasm in related research centers.
Esmail Arab Tajandarreh, Ahmad Ismaili, Abdolhossein Rezaei Nejad, Farhad Karami,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (3-2017)
Abstract
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is one of the important and commercial small fruits that are planted in temperate regions which contain high amount of natural antioxidants. Study of genetic diversity is very important for distinguish the genotypes relationships and evaluation and exploitation of genetic resources for breeding programs. To evaluate the physiological and phenological characteristics of strawberries genotypes, an experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Agricultural Research Center of Kurdistan, Iran. Physiological parameters (amount of chlorophyll a, b and ab, soluble solids, titratable acidity and anthocyanin) and phenological characters (appearance of first stolon, first flower and first fruit, flowering and fruiting period) and yield of genotypes were evaluated. Results of analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for all traits at the 1% level of probability, indicating the existence of genetic diversity among genotypes. The results of mean comparison showed significant differences among genotypes for all traits, indicating existence of wide diversity among the studied strawberry genotypes. The highest chlorophyll content belonged to Paros genotype and the highest yield recorded from Queen Eliza and Gaviota genotypes, respectively. The highest anthocyanin and soluble solids content was belonged to Gaviota and lowest amount of these parameters belonged to Paros and Chandler genotypes and Chandler genotype also had the highest amount of chlorophyll a. There were little difference between phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, indicating the low effect of environment on these characters. All traits had high common heritability with range of 82-99 %. Data were analyzed using principal factor analysis. The factor analysis technique extracted four factors. Four factors explained about 74.05% of the total variation, and 50.84% of the variance was accounted for by the two first factors. Factors I and II were identified as photosynthetic, and fertility Index, respectively. According to results of factor analysis and other analysis, Paros genotype was identified as suitable cultivar.
Seyedeh Zahra Hosseini, Ahmad Ismaili, Seyed Sajad Sohrabi,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (3-2019)
Abstract
Drought is a threaded factor in the world production and application of breeding methods could improve the tolerant and adapted cultivators under drought stress condition. In order to evaluate and determine the stress tolerance indices and identifion of tolerant genotypes to drought stress, 15 safflower genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications in two conditions (stress and non-stress). Analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for all traits, stress tolerance indices and yield in both conditions. Significant positive correlation was found between grain yield in the stress condition with indicators stress tolerance index, harmonic mean and geometric mean productivity indicating that these indices are suitable criteria for screening drought tolerant genotypes. No significant correlation was observed between Ys with tolerance index and mean productivity, hence they can be discarded as the desirable markers for identifying drought tolerant genotypes. In conclusion, using a graphical approach of three dimensional scatter plots, Principal component analysis and biplot analysis, two tolerant genotype (Syrian and Kino-76) were selected for future programs in stress and non-stress condition.
Saman Valizadeh, Ahmad Ismaili, Hadi Ahmadi, Omid Ali Akbarpour, Bijan Bajalan, Ashkboos Amini,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (3-2020)
Abstract
Wheat is mostly cultivated at rainfed condition in Iran, so, water deficit stress has much effect on yield reduction. Hence, breeding activities are necessary for introduction of wheat tolerant genotypes to water deficit stress. In order to estimate the heritability and genetic correlation between traits of 36 wheat genotypes, an experiment was conducted in two separate conditions (water stress and non-stress) based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Studied traits in wheat genotypes under water stress and normal condition showed significant differences for environment, genotype and genotype× environment interaction at 1 and 5% level of probability. The results of the factor analysis showed that the 6 first factor in normal condition explained 81.13% of total variance, and the 5 first factor in stress condition explained 74.96% of total variance. Estimation of genetic correlations based on REML approach revealed that biological yield, harvest index and number of grains per spike had the highest correlation with grain yield and these characteristics are of important for selecting the varieties with high yield under non-stress and stress conditions. Estimation of heritability based on REML approach showed that number of days to heading had the highest amount of heritability in both normal and stress conditions.
Ali Dowlatshah, Ahmad Ismaili, Hadi Ahmadi, Karim Khademi, Daryoush Goudarzi,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (3-2021)
Abstract
Plant breeding researches is based on genetic diversity and evaluation of genetic diversity is also one of the most important steps in introduction of new cultivars. In this study, genetic diversity of 25 grass pea genotypes was studied based on randomized complete block design with three replicates in Khorramabad (Iran). Analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for most of traits. Mean comparison showed that genotype IF1312 with the highest grain yield and genotypes IF1332 and IF471 with the highest dry and fresh forage yield had the best yield. Principal component analysis showed that the first 3 factors explained 62.64% of total variance. Based on cluster analysis, genotypes IF1307, IF1872 and IF471 with the highest grain and forage yield are belonged to one cluster. REML method was used to estimate genetic correlation and heritability of different traits. The highest amount of heritability (0.87) was estimated for number of immature grains and the least heritability (0.10) was estimated for total dry weight. Grain yield had a high and positive genetic correlation with forage yield, and biomass, percentage of leaf and dry forage yield also had a high and positive genetic correlation with fresh forage yield. Totally, genotype IF1307 had the best performance for most of traits compared to the other genotypes and had an acceptable forage yield among genotypes.
Razieh Khadivar, Ahmad Ismaili, Seyed Sajad Sohrabi, Hasan Torabi Podeh,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (3-2023)
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the main environmental factors that affects growth and productivity of crop plants, including lentil. In the course of evolution evolution, crucial genetic regulations mediated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged in plant in response to drought and other abiotic stresses. In the present study, after identifying lncRNAs within the expression profile of lentil, RNA-seq data and real-time PCR analyses were employed to examine the expression pattern of some of the identified lncRNAs under drought stress. Additionally, psych R package was used to generate the lncRNAs-DEGs co-expression network. A total of 3590 lncRNA sequences were identified in lentils transcriptome. Numerous lncRNAs were co-expressed with genes involved in circadian rhythm regulation, zinc ion response, photosynthetic photoreaction, and ion homeostasis. The LCUL_evgLocus_104392, LCUL_evgLocus_99066 and LCUL_evgLocus_61876 sequences were differentially expressed in response to drought stress. Examining the co-expression of these sequences with differentially expressed genes in response to drought stress, led to the identification of metabolic pathways associated with these sequences. In this study, lncRNA sequences were identified for the first time in lentil, and provided useful insights into the function of lncRNA in plant resistance to drought stress. The lncRNAs-DEGs co-expression network can lead to a better understanding of drought response mechanisms in lentil.
Forough Joudaki, Ahmad Ismaili, Seyed Sajad Sohrabi, Seyedeh Zahra Hosseini, Hadi Ahmadi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (2-2024)
Abstract
Gall oak (Quercus infectoria) is one of the extraordinary tree species with functional medicinal properties within the oak family. Various studies have confirmed the presence of numerous secondary metabolites with therapeutic properties in this plant. Despite the significance of gall oak, its genetic structure remains elusive. Therefore, unraveling the genetic structure of gall ok may provide valuable insights into its potential applications across diverse industries. MicroRNAs emerge as pivotal genetic elements implicated in the biosynthesis of crucial metabolites across a wide range of different plant species. Despite the significant role of miRNAs in plants, as of yet, no miRNAs have been reported in Q. infectoria.. Therefore, in the present study, after assembling the transcriptome of Q. infectoria, the conserved microRNAs were identified. Leaf and root samples of Q. infectoria were collected from trees in the Shineh region, and 2-year-old seedlings were grown from mature oaks in Khorramabad (Lorestan Province, Iran). Total RNA was extracted from roots and leaves using the Djami-Tchatchou method. After sequencing by the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform and checking the quality of all the generated reads, the adapter sequences were removed, and the high-quality reads were assembled using Trinity package. To identify miRNAs and their target genes, all plant miRNAs sequences were downloaded from the miRbase database. The BLASTn algorithm was employed to identify the highest similarity between unigenes and mature plant miRNAs. Furthermore, BLASTx was used to search against the non-redundant proteins (NR) database to remove protein-coding unigenes. The investigation of miRNA second-structure prediction involved assessing the similarity between potential unigenes and mature miRNA sequences using the mfold web tool. Identification of miRNA target genes and gene ontology (GO) was performed using the psRNAtarget web-tool and OmicsBox software, respectively. Following a range of strict filtering criteria, four miRNAs belonging to conserved miRNAs families were identified, including qin-miR156, qin-miR399, qin-miR160, and qin-miR172. KEGG pathway analysis showed the target genes were involved in the citrate cycle pathway. Examining miRNA target genes in Q. infectoria and analyzing their interaction network, finally led to the identification of three hub genes. Identified miRNA target genes were associated with the biosynthesis of various enzyme groups, suggesting that most of miRNAs regulating hydrolases, transferases, and oxidoreductases. Given the role of microRNAs in regulating transcription factors and their impact on genes involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis, future breeding programs in Q. infectoria may benefit from the potential of such regulatory elements as a guide and key.
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