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Showing 4 results for Arab
Esmail Arab Tajandarreh, Ahmad Ismaili, Abdolhossein Rezaei Nejad, Farhad Karami,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (3-2017)
Abstract
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is one of the important and commercial small fruits that are planted in temperate regions which contain high amount of natural antioxidants. Study of genetic diversity is very important for distinguish the genotypes relationships and evaluation and exploitation of genetic resources for breeding programs. To evaluate the physiological and phenological characteristics of strawberries genotypes, an experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Agricultural Research Center of Kurdistan, Iran. Physiological parameters (amount of chlorophyll a, b and ab, soluble solids, titratable acidity and anthocyanin) and phenological characters (appearance of first stolon, first flower and first fruit, flowering and fruiting period) and yield of genotypes were evaluated. Results of analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for all traits at the 1% level of probability, indicating the existence of genetic diversity among genotypes. The results of mean comparison showed significant differences among genotypes for all traits, indicating existence of wide diversity among the studied strawberry genotypes. The highest chlorophyll content belonged to Paros genotype and the highest yield recorded from Queen Eliza and Gaviota genotypes, respectively. The highest anthocyanin and soluble solids content was belonged to Gaviota and lowest amount of these parameters belonged to Paros and Chandler genotypes and Chandler genotype also had the highest amount of chlorophyll a. There were little difference between phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, indicating the low effect of environment on these characters. All traits had high common heritability with range of 82-99 %. Data were analyzed using principal factor analysis. The factor analysis technique extracted four factors. Four factors explained about 74.05% of the total variation, and 50.84% of the variance was accounted for by the two first factors. Factors I and II were identified as photosynthetic, and fertility Index, respectively. According to results of factor analysis and other analysis, Paros genotype was identified as suitable cultivar.
Seyede Minoo Mirarab Razi, Reza Shirzadian-Khorramabad2, Hossein Sabouri, Babak Rabiei, Hossein Hosseini Moghadam5,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (9-2019)
Abstract
Salinity is an important limiting factor in the production of more plants, including rice. Due to the limited amount of cultivated area, identification of tolerant genotypes to environmental stresses and especially salinity is very important. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity among 114 recombinant lines derived from the intersection of local Tarom × Khazar cultivars under non stress conditions and salinity levels of 8 dS/m in reproductive stage in a completely randomized design. Combined analysis of variance showed that the differences between lines was significant for all traits. Genotypic variation coefficients also showed that the highest genetic variation among the evaluated recombinant lines was related to the number of panicles per plant. In contrast, days to 50% flowering showed the least genetic variation among these lines. In non stress and stress conditions, the highest genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficient was observed between grain yield and number of fill grain in seedlings. Based on the cluster analysis of grain yield, the lines were classified into four groups under normal conditions and were classified into three groups under salinity conditions. The third-party lines in both cases had a higher average than the overall average. In general, the results of this study showed that there is a significant genetic variation between the studied lines in terms of salt tolerance and this variety can be used in subsequent corrective programs. Accordingly, lines 83, 81, 56, 39, 37 and 89 were the most sensitive lines and lines 107, 101, 16, 100, 84, 98, 47, 32, 14, 29, 95, 63, 5, 49, 92 and 10 were the most tolerant lines to salinity stresses of 8 dS/m and they also had higher yields and yield components. Strained lines are proposed directly for cultivating saline or for transferring salt tolerance to commercial cultivars through future breeding programs.
Kobra Arab, Rudabeh Ravash, Behrouz Shiran,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (3-2020)
Abstract
Increasing drought tolerance, especially in rice, which is one of the most important crops in Asia, is necessary. Transcription factors are specific sequence DNA-binding proteins that are capable of activating or suppressing transcription. These proteins regulate gene expression levels by binding to cis regulatory elements in the promoter of target genes to control various biological processes such as growth, cell division and response to environmental stresses. In this study, MAD8 and MYB93 genes that were involved in drought stress in rice were considered in two leaf and anther tissues at 0, 24, 48, 72 h and one week after stopping irrigation. The results of q-PCR analysis showed significant expression changes of these transcription factor genes under drought stress conditions. In this study, a significant increase in the expression of these genes at 24 h after drought stress in transgenic plants (Promoter region with accession: NC_029264.1 and GUS gene have transformed) compared to non-transgenic plants showed a relationship between these transcription factors and higher expression of transported promoter in transgenic plants.
Jamal Rahimi Darabad, Varahram Rashidi, Hossein Shahbazi, Mohammad Moghaddam Vahed, Ebrahim Khalilvand,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (3-2021)
Abstract
In order to determine the heritability and genetic parameters of some agronomic traits in barely (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, a seven-parent half diallel (F1 crosses + parents) was conducted in the non-stress and salt stress (8 and 12 ds m-1) conditions in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Genetic analysis was performed by Hayman’s method and Griffing’s fixed model, method 2. The slope of linear regression of Wr on Vr were significantly higher than 0 and had not significant difference with 1 indicating the additive-dominant model was satisfied in all cases. The narrow-sense heritability of traits was medium to high (0.4-0.8) but their broad-sense heritability was estimated relatively high (0.7-0.9). Results of regression graphs showed that Afzal parent had the most dominant allele. The significance of “a” component in most of the studied traits indicated the presence of the additive effects in controlling of traits. The significance of “b” component in most of the studied traits indicated the presence of the dominance effects in controlling of traits. The proportion of positive and negative genes was lower than 0.25 in all of the traits (except for grain weight per spike in 12 ds m-1 salinity), indicating the presence of asymmetry in the distribution of the positive and negative alleles in the parents. Based on general combining ability effects, it was concluded that under salinity, cultivar “Kavir” had favorable alleles in plant height, grain weight per spike and 100 grain weight traits and can be used as a general parent in breeding programs. Estimates of high broad-sense heritability and narrow-sense heritability in most traits indicated that these genetic materials were promising for breeding under normal and salinity stress conditions.
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