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Comparison of Genetic Diversity Between Two Oat Species (Avena sativa and Avena fatua) Using Phenotypic Traits, Molecular Markers, and Chromosomal Parameters
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Parastoo Zarei  , Hedieh Badakhshan *  , Ghader Mirzaghaderi |
| Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Kurdistan, Iran , h.badakhshan@uok.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (89 Views) |
Evaluating genetic diversity in plant species is essential for crop improvement. This research compared the genetic diversity between common oat (Avena sativa) and wild oat (Avena fatua) using molecular markers, phenotypic traits, and chromosomal characteristics. SCoT and IRAP markers generated 283 and 117 bands, respectively. Both marker systems revealed higher polymorphism in wild oat compared to common oat. SCoT markers showed 65.37 percent polymorphism in wild oat versus 60.07 percent in common oat, while IRAP markers exhibited 76.07 and 69.23 percent polymorphism, respectively. Genetic diversity indices (Ne, He, and PIC) indicated slightly higher genetic diversity in wild oat for both marker systems, although the genetic distance between the two species was relatively low. Population structure analysis using Bayesian methods, Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA), and Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) consistently identified distinct subpopulations and significant genetic variation within species. Phenotypic trait analysis revealed significant differences among genotypes. Common oat genotypes generally exhibited greater plant height, while wild oat genotypes had higher 100-seed weight. Heatmap cluster analysis grouped genotypes into three clusters based on phenotypic traits. All genotypes were hexaploid but showed differences in chromosomal parameters such as total chromosome length, centromeric index, and dispersion index. However, no significant differences were found between common and wild oat species in these parameters. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of chromosomal parameters explained 94.72 percent of the cumulative variance, with PC1 emphasizing centromere position and PC2 highlighting chromosomal asymmetry. This comprehensive study provides valuable insights for breeding and conservation strategies in oat species. |
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| Keywords: Population Structure, Principal component analysis, Molecular variance analysis, Heatmap, IRAP, SCoT |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Molecular genetics
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