Manipulation of Starch Biosynthasis and In Planta Biopolymer Production (Review Article)

Nazarian Firouzabadi, Farhad

doi:10.29252/pgr.1.2.1

[Home ] [Archive]

[ فارسی ]

Main Menu

Home

Journal Information

Articles archive

For Authors

For Reviewers

Registration

Contact us

Site Facilities

Search in website

Receive site information

Volume 1, Issue 2 (2015)

pgr 2015, 1(2): 1-14

Back to browse issues page

Manipulation of Starch Biosynthasis and In Planta Biopolymer Production (Review Article)

Farhad Nazarian Firouzabadi ^*

Associate Professor, Departemnet of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran , nazarian.f@lu.ac.ir

Abstract: (21908 Views)

Starch, a complex carbohydrate, is a polymer of glucose residues. It occurs in two main forms: amylose, consisting of predominantly linear chains of glucose units linked by α(1-4) glycosidic bonds, and amylopectin, in which the chains are highly branched by the addition of α(1-6) glycosidic bonds. Depending upon the plant species and the site of storage, the proportion between these two components varies. In most plant species, amylose comprises about 20% of the starch and the rest is amylopectin. Although in its native form it has some applications in food and non-food industries, the properties of currently available starches (native starch) do not comply with most industrial standard and enhanced commercial applications. To obtain starches with particular properties such as starches with lower retrogradation and more freeze-thaw stability, starch is often chemically modified. Manipulation of the starch structure with chemical reactions or additives will eventually impart certain properties which are desired for industrial uses. Techniques including cross-linking (to strengthen against shear) or acetylation (to reduce the retrogradation) are the most common starch modifications. The use of chemicals, however, may not only cause concern over health and safety, but there is also a cost involved with the chemical modification. Knocking out/ over expression of genes involved in starch biosynthesis, has resulted to alteration of starch physic-chemical properties. Production of biopolymers consisting of glucose residues linked by α(1-3) and α(1-6) or an alternatives [(α(1-3,6), α(1-4,6)] of these linkages, are among hot topics in polysaccharides research fields.

Keywords: Biopolymers, Glucan sucrase, Manipulation, Starch

Full-Text [PDF 1147 kb] (6950 Downloads)

Type of Study: Research | Subject: Plant improvement
Accepted: 2015/04/9

References

1. Baba, T., Yoshii, M. and Kainuma, K. (1987) Acceptor molecule of granular‐bound starch synthase from sweet‐potato roots. Starch‐Stärke, Denyer, K., Clarke, B., Hylton, C., Tatge, H. and Smith, A.M. (1996). The elongation of amylose and amylopectin chains in isolated starch granules. The Plant Journal, 10: 1135-1143.

2. Denyer, K., Johnson, P., Zeeman, S., Smith, A.M. (2001). The control of amylose synthesis. Journal of Plant Physiology, 158: 479-487.

3. Huang, X.F., Nazarian-Firouzabadi, F., Vincken, J-P., Ji, Q., Suurs, L.C., Visser, R.G. and Trindade, L.M. (2013). Expression of an engineered granule-bound Escherichia coli glycogen branching enzyme in potato results in severe morphological changes in starch granules. Plant. Biotechnology Journal, 11: 470-479.

4. Janeček, Š., Svensson, B. and MacGregor, E. (2003). Relation between domain evolution, specificity, and taxonomy of the α‐amylase family members containing a C‐terminal starch‐binding domain. European Journal of Biochemistry, 270: 635-645.

5. Jobling, S. (2004). Improving starch for food and industrial applications. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 7: 210-218.

6. Jobling, S.A., Westcott, R.J., Tayal, A., Jeffcoat, R. and Schwall, G.P. (2002). Production of a freeze–thaw-stable potato starch by antisense inhibition of three starch synthase genes. Nature Biotechnology, 20: 295-299.

7. Kammerer, B., Fischer, K., Hilpert, B., Schubert, S., Gutensohn, M., Weber, A. and Flügge, U-I. (1998). Molecular characterization of a carbon transporter in plastids from heterotrophic tissues: the glucose 6-phosphate/phosphate antiporter. The Plant Cell Online, 10: 105-117.

8. Kok-Jacon, G.A., Vincken, J-P., Suurs, L.C.J.M. and Visser, R.G.F. (2005a). Mutan produced in potato amyloplasts adheres to starch granules. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 3: 341-351.

9. Kok-Jacon, G.A., Vincken, J.P., Suurs, L.C.J.M., Wang, D., Liu, S. and Visser, R.G.F. (2005b). Production of dextran in transgenic potato plants. Transgenic Research, 14: 385-395.

10. Kok-Jacon, G.A., Vincken, J.P., Suurs, L.C.J.M., Wang, D., Liu, S. and Visser, R.G.F. (2007). Expression of alternansucrase in potato plants. Biotechnology Letters, 29: 1135-1142.

11. Kortstee, A.J., Vermeesch, A., Vries, B.J., Jacobsen, E. and Visser, R.G. (1996). Expression of Escherichia coli branching enzyme in tubers of amylose‐free transgenic potato leads to an increased branching degree of the amylopectin. The Plant Journal, 10: 83-90.

12. Kuipers, A.G., Jacobsen, E. and Visser, R.G. (1994). Formation and deposition of amylose in the potato tuber starch granule are affected by the reduction of granule-bound starch synthase gene expression. The Plant Cell Online, 6: 43-52.

13. Lawal, O.S. (2004). Succinyl and acetyl starch derivatives of a hybrid maize: physicochemical characteristics and retrogradation properties monitored by differential scanning calorimetry. Carbohydrate Research, 339: 2673-2682.

14. Lo Leggio, L., Dal Degan, F., Poulsen, P., Andersen, S.M. and Larsen, S. (2003). The structure and specificity of Escherichia coli maltose acetyltransferase give new insight into the LacA family of acyltransferases. Biochemistry, 42: 5225-5235.

15. Myers, A.M., Morell, M.K., James, M.G. and Ball, S.G. (2000). Recent progress toward understanding biosynthesis of the amylopectin crystal. Plant Physiology, 122(4): 989-998.

16. Nazaraian-Firouzabadi, F., Vincken, J-P. and Visser, R.G.F. (2007). Methods and Means for Producing Starch Having at Least One Altered Characteristic. US 20100064391 A1.

17. Nazarian-Firouzabadi, F., Kok-Jacon, G.A., Vincken, J.P., Ji, Q., Suurs, L.C.J.M. and Visser, R.G.F. (2007a). Fusion proteins comprising the catalytic domain of mutansucrase and a starchbinding domain can alter the morphology of amylose-free potato starch granules during biosynthesis. Transgenic Research, 16: 645-656.

18. Nazarian-Firouzabadi, F., Trindade, L.M. and Visser, R.G.F. (2012). Production of small starch granules by expression of a tandem-repeat of a family 20 starch-binding domain (SBD3-SBD5) in an amylose-free potato genetic background. Functional Plant Biology, 39: 146-155.

19. Nazarian-Firouzabadi, F., Vincken, J-P., Ji, Q., Luurs, L.C.J.M., Buleon, A. and Visser, R.G.F. (2007b). Accumulation of multiple-repeat starch-binding domains (SBD2-SBD5) does not reduce amylose content of potato starch granules. Planta, 225: 919-933.

20. Nazarian Firouzabadi, F., Vincken, J.P., Ji, Q., Suurs, L.C.J.M. and Visser, R.G.F. (2007). Expression of an engineered granule-bound Escherichia coli maltose acetyltransferase in wild type and amf potato plants. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 5: 134-145.

21. Nelson, D.L. and Cox, M.M. (2004). Carbohydrates and Glycobiology, New York, USA. In Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, W.H. F (ed), 7, pp 238-272. Perera, C. and Hoover, R. (1999). Influence of hydroxypropylation on retrogradation properties of native, defatted and heat-moisture treated potato starches. Food Chemistry, 64: 361-375.

22. Ramesh, H.P. and Tharanathan, R.N. (2003). Carbohydrates-the renewable raw materials of high biotechnological value. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 23: 149-173.

23. Regina, A., Bird, A., Topping, D., Bowden, S., Freeman, J., Barsby, T., Kosar-Hashemi, B., Li, Z., Rahman, S. and Morell, M. (2006). High-amylose wheat generated by RNA interference improves indices of large-bowel health in rats. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103: 3546-3551.

24. Regina, A., Kosar-Hashemi, B., Ling, S., Li, Z., Rahman, S. and Morell, M. (2010). Control of starch branching in barley defined through differential RNAi suppression of starch branching enzyme IIa and IIb. Journal of Experimental Botany, 61: 1469-1482.

25. Schwall, G.P., Safford, R., Westcott, R.J., Jeffcoat, R., Tayal, A., Shi, Y.C., Gidley, M.J. and Jobling, S.A. (2000). Production of very-high-amylose potato starch by inhibition of SBE A and B. Nature Biotechnology 18: 551-554.

26. Shewmaker, C.K., Boyer, C.D., Wiesenborn, D.P., Thompson, D.B., Boersig, M.R., Oakes, J.V. and Stalker, D.M. (1994). Expression of Escherichia coli glycogen synthase in the tubers of transgenic potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) results in a highly branched starch. Plant physiology, 104: 1159-1166.

27. Singh, J., Kaur, L. and Singh, N. (2004). Effect of acetylation on some properties of corn and potato starches. Starch‐Stärke, 56: 586-601.

28. Tauberger, E., Fernie, A.R,. Emmermann, M., Renz, A., Kossmann, J., Willmitzer, L. and Trethewey, R.N. (2000). Antisense inhibition of plastidial phosphoglucomutase provides compelling evidence that potato tuber amyloplasts import carbon from the cytosol in the form of glucose‐6‐phosphate. The Plant Journal, 23: 43-53.

29. Terada, R., Nakajima, M., Isshiki, M., Okagaki, R.J., Wessler, S.R. and Shimamoto, K. (2000). Antisense waxy genes with highly active promoters effectively suppress waxy gene expression in transgenic rice. Plant and Cell Physiology, 41:881-888.

30. Thompson, D. (2000) On the non-random nature of amylopectin branching. Carbohydrate Polymers 43: 223-239.

31. Torney, F., Moeller, L., Scarpa, A. and Wang, K. (2007) Genetic engineering approaches to improve bioethanol production from maize. Current opinion in Biotechnology, 18: 193-199.

32. Van de Wal, M., D'Hulst, C., Vincken, J.P., Buleon, A., Visser, R. and Ball, S. (1998). Amylose is synthesized in vitro by extension of and cleavage from amylopectin. Journal of biological chemistry 273: 22232-22240.

33. Van Der Leij, F.R., Visser, R.G.F., Ponstein, A.S., Jacobsen, E. and Feenstra, W.J. (1991). Sequence of the structural gene for granule-bound starch synthase of potato (Solarium tuberosum L.) and evidence for a single point deletion in the amf allele. Molecular and General Genetics MGG, 228: 240-248.

34. Visser, R., Somhorst, I., Kuipers, G., Ruys, N., Feenstra, W. and Jacobsen, E. (1991). Inhibition of the expression of the gene for granule-bound starch synthase in potato by antisense constructs. Molecular and General Genetics MGG, 225: 289-296.

35. Xu, Y., Miladinov, V. and Hanna, M.A. (2004). Synthesis and characterization of starch acetates with high substitution 1. Cereal Chemistry, 81: 735-740.

Send email to the article author

Add your comments about this article

‎ 10.29252/pgr.1.2.1

‎ 20.1001.1.23831367.1393.1.2.1.8

Mendeley

Zotero

RefWorks

Nazarian Firouzabadi F. Manipulation of Starch Biosynthasis and In Planta Biopolymer Production (Review Article). pgr 2015; 1 (2) :1-14
URL: http://pgr.lu.ac.ir/article-1-31-en.html

Rights and permissions
	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Volume 1, Issue 2 (2015)

Back to browse issues page

Persian site map - English site map - Created in 0.06 seconds with 39 queries by YEKTAWEB 4642