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Description of a new species of Amolops (Anura: Ranidae) from a cave ecosystem in Meghalaya, Northeast India
Bhaskar Saikia, Bikramjit Sinha, A. Shabnam, K. P. Dinesh,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Seventeen nominal species of the ranid frog genus Amolops, some of which are based on unverified historical records, are reported from India. Herein, we describe a new species of Amolops of the marmoratus group from a cave ecosystem. This is an uncommon habitat for this group offrogs, which is commonly found around cascades. The Siju Cave, from which four specimens of the new species were collected is a natural limestone cave located in the South Garo Hills District of Meghalaya, Northeast India. The new species is separated from other congeners based on morphological and genetic differences and is also geographically isolated from it ssister species.

Foraging and diving pattern of the Little Cormorant Microcarbo niger (Vieillot) (Pelecaniformes: Phalacrocoracidae) of Ecopark, Kolkata, India
Lina Chatterjee, Abhik Rong, C. S. Samrat, Saswati Sinha, Tarak Samanta, Arjan Basu Roy,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (9-2024)
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the feeding behaviour and diving habits of the Little Cormorant (Microcarbo niger) in the vicinity of Pakhibitan, which is a component of Ecopark, the largest urban park located in Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. The study took place for three days a week starting from September 2021 to February 2022. The Little Cormorant mostly used the Lake as a foraging location in Pakhibitan, with the highest number of dives (1957 dives, 10.78 ± 10.43 sec) and surface pauses (1980 surface pauses, 6.02 ± 5.48 sec) compared to a nearby smaller pond. The pattern of dive bout/surface pause showed considerable variability between lake (F = 1.055, df = 1, P > 0.05) and pond (F = 0.153, df = 1, P > 0.05). There may be a correlation between the average duration of dives and the average recovery time between dives, and the depth of the water bodies. In certain cases, longer dives were associated with longer rest periods, resulting in increased time spent searching for prey. Consequently, the foraging efficiency of the dives may decrease as the diving depth increases. The feeding behaviour of the Little Cormorant is subject to the influence of various environmental conditions, necessitating a more comprehensive investigation.

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