Volume 5, Issue 4 (10-2023)
JAD 2023, 5(4): 63-78 |
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Sagar L, Bdr Gurung D, Wangchuk K, L. Wangmo K, Dorji R, Zangmo T et al . Cyprinid (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) diversity and assemblage in south-central Bhutan. JAD 2023; 5 (4) :63-78
URL: http://jad.lu.ac.ir/article-1-426-en.html
URL: http://jad.lu.ac.ir/article-1-426-en.html
Laxmi Sagar 
1, Dhan Bdr Gurung2 , Karma Wangchuk3 , Karma L. Wangmo4 , Rinchen Dorji4 , Tshering Zangmo4 , Rupesh Subedi4
1, Dhan Bdr Gurung2 , Karma Wangchuk3 , Karma L. Wangmo4 , Rinchen Dorji4 , Tshering Zangmo4 , Rupesh Subedi4
1- College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan, Postal Code No. 14001, Punakha, Bhutan , sagarlssagar19@gmail.com
2- Department of Forest Science, College of Natural Resources Royal University of Bhutan, Postal Code No. 14001, Punakha, Bhutan
3- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan, Postal Code No. 14001, Punakha, Bhutan
4- College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan, Postal Code No. 14001, Punakha, Bhutan
2- Department of Forest Science, College of Natural Resources Royal University of Bhutan, Postal Code No. 14001, Punakha, Bhutan
3- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan, Postal Code No. 14001, Punakha, Bhutan
4- College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan, Postal Code No. 14001, Punakha, Bhutan
Abstract: (1631 Views)
Cyprinidae (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) is the predominate family among Bhutan's freshwater fishes, yet significant gaps exist in the knowledge of their diversity and assemblage. Cyprinids were sampled from 54 plots across four river basins (Aiechhu, Jaldakachhu, Mangdechhu, and Punatsangchhu) using systematic sampling at an interval of 5 km. A total of 850 individuals belonging to 22 species and 13 genera were recorded. Aiechhu had the highest diversity and evenness (H’= 1.66±0.28, J’= 0.95±0.03), followed by Punatsangchhu (H’= 1.58±0.34, J’= 0.94±0.04). Meanwhile, Jaldakachhu and Mangdechhu exhibited the lowest diversity and evenness (H’= 0.90±0.66, J’= 0.84±0.54 and H’= 0.54±0.70, J’= 0.38±0.49, respectively). There was a significant difference in diversity among river basins (χ2 (3)= 20.98, p < 0.001) with specific variation between Mangdechhu and Punatsangchhu (Z= 3.80, p= 0.00), Mangdechhu and Aiechhu (Z= 3.35, p= 0.01), and Jaldakachhu and Punatsangchhu (Z= 2.83, p= 0.03). Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that cyprinid assemblage was significantly correlated with environmental variables (r= 0.94, p= 0.001 in axis 1 and r= 0.82, p= 0.001 in axis 2) explaining 77% of variance. Axis 1 was positively correlated with temperature (r= 0.92), total dissolved solids (r= 0.53), conductivity (r= 0.51), and salinity (r= 0.39) and negatively correlated with elevation (r= −0.69). Axis 2 was negatively correlated with total hardness (r= −0.82) and dissolved oxygen (r= −0.65). Cluster analysis identified three clusters based on dominant species. Further studies exploring other river basins of Bhutan are needed to better understand the ecological dynamics of cyprinids in Bhutan.
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Species Diversity
Received: 2023/09/7 | Accepted: 2023/12/18 | Published: 2023/12/31
Received: 2023/09/7 | Accepted: 2023/12/18 | Published: 2023/12/31
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