Volume 5, Issue 1 (3-2023)
JAD 2023, 5(1): 113-126 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Sangavi D, Anisha P S, Vinothini G, Nathan P T. Diversity of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) in natural and altered ecosystems in Salem district, Tamil Nadu, India. JAD 2023; 5 (1) :113-126
URL: http://jad.lu.ac.ir/article-1-239-en.html
URL: http://jad.lu.ac.ir/article-1-239-en.html
Dhanapal Sangavi1 
, Padur Sankaranarayanan Anisha1 , Govindharaj Vinothini1 , Parthasarathy Thiruchenthil Nathan 2
, Padur Sankaranarayanan Anisha1 , Govindharaj Vinothini1 , Parthasarathy Thiruchenthil Nathan 2
1- Department of Zoology, Periyar University, Salem-636011, Tamil Nadu, India
2- Department of Zoology, Periyar University, Salem-636011, Tamil Nadu, India ,nathan_pt@periyaruniversity.ac.in
2- Department of Zoology, Periyar University, Salem-636011, Tamil Nadu, India ,
Abstract: (3784 Views)
A detailed investigation of the spider diversity in Salem district, Tamil Nadu was carried out across different habitats for a period of five years. A total of 184 spider species belonging to 97 genera in 29 families were recorded, which represented nearly 10% of Indian and 65% of Tamil Nadu spider diversity. Among them 25 spider species are endemic to India. From the 29 families, the 3 most abundant families based on number of specimens sampled were Lycosidae (21%), Araneidae (18%), and Eresidae (17%), constituting 56% of the spider species. Simpson diversity indices ranged between 0.88 to 0.30 for all the studied habitats. The species richness was highest in bamboo fields (2.78), and the lowest was observed in grasslands (0.76). The highest abundance of spider species was observed in the sugarcane fields (0.83), followed by the grasslands (0.57) and paddy fields (0.53). Further, these spiders were categorized into nine types based on their foraging guilds. Among them, the highest species richness was observed in foliage runners. A maximum of nine spider guilds were observed in the shrub ecosystem. Natural ecosystems such as shrublands, treescapes, and grasslands had higher spider diversity than altered agricultural and domestic ecosystems. This is the first report on spider diversity in Salem District, Tamil Nadu revealing the varying spider diversity along with their guild types across different habitats.
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Species Diversity
Received: 2022/08/23 | Accepted: 2023/03/27 | Published: 2023/03/31
Received: 2022/08/23 | Accepted: 2023/03/27 | Published: 2023/03/31
References
1. Anindita, B., Mahadev, C. and Prabal, S. (2017). Spider diversity in different habitats at Jaintia Hills of Meghalaya. International Journal of Life Sciences, 5 (4): 13-619.
2. Archana, M. (2011). Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Toranmal Sanctuary, Maharashtra, India. E-International Scientific Research Journal, 3 (4): 326-334.
3. Baba, Y. G., Tanaka, K. and Kusumoto, Y. (2019). Changes in spider diversity and community structure along abandonment and vegetation succession in rice paddy ecosystems. Ecological Engineering, 127: 235-244. [DOI:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.12.007]
4. Batary, P., Holzschuh, A., Orci, K. M., Samu, F. and Tscharntke, T. (2012). Responses of plant, insect and spider biodiversity to local and landscape scale management intensity in cereal crops and grasslands. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 146 (1): 130-136. [DOI:10.1016/j.agee.2011.10.018]
5. Caleb, J. T. D. (2016). Taxonomic notes on some ant-mimicking jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) from India. Arthropoda Selecta, 25 (4): 403-420. [DOI:10.15298/arthsel.25.4.09]
6. Caleb, J. T. D. (2020). Spider (Arachnida: Araneae) fauna of the scrub jungle in the Madras Christian College campus, Chennai, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 12 (7): 15711-15766. [DOI:10.11609/jott.5758.12.7.15711-15766]
7. Caleb, J. T. D. and Karthikeyani, R. (2022). JoTT Checklist of the spiders of Tamil Nadu (v.1.1). Journal of Threatened Taxa, https://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/checklists/spiders/TamilNadu (Accessed 10 May 2023).
8. Caleb, J. T. D. and Sankaran, P. M. (2023). Araneae of India. Version 2023, Online at http://www.indianspiders.in (Accessed 10 May 2023).
9. Cardoso, P., Pekár, S., Jocqué, R. and Coddington, J. A. (2011). Global patterns of guild composition and functional diversity of spiders. PloS ONE, 6 (6): e21710. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0021710] [PMID] [PMCID]
10. Coddington, J. A. and Levi, H. W. (1991). Systematics and evolution of spiders (Araneae). Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 22 (1): 565-592. [DOI:10.1146/annurev.es.22.110191.003025]
11. Coddington, J. A., Young, L. H. and Coyle, F. A. (1996). Estimating spider species richness in a southern Appalachian cove hardwood forest. Journal of Arachnology, 24 (2): 111-128.
12. Dal, P. and Trivedi, V. (2020). Diversity pattern of spiders (Araneae) from two selected sites of mango orchard, Amreli District, Gujarat, India. Environment and Ecology, 38 (4): 783-791.
13. Deshmukh, U. S. and Raut, N. M. (2014). Seasonal diversity and status of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) in Salbardi forest (Satpura Range), Maharashtra, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 2 (6): 278-281.
14. Devika, M., Ibrahim, N. M., Begam, A. J. and Quadros, G. (2022). Diversity and feeding habits of spiders across habitats in Coimbatore District. Indian Journal of Ecology, 49 (1): 217-221.
15. Dharmaraj, J., Gunasekaran, C. and Rajkumar, V. (2018). Diversity and plethora of spider fauna at different habitats of the Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu south India. International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, 9 (3A): 24634-24637.
16. Foelix, R. (2011). Biology of spiders. Third Edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. 432 pp.
17. Gajbe, U. A. (2007). Araneae: Arachnida, In: Chandra, K. and Sunil, K. G. (Eds.), Fauna of Madhya Pradesh (including Chhattisgarh): State Fauna Series Part-1. Zoological Survey of India, India. pp. 419-540.
18. Gajbe, U. A. (2008). A new species of Dieta spider (Araneae: Philodromidae) from Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 108 (1): 59-61. [DOI:10.26515/rzsi/v108/i1/2008/159071]
19. Gallé, R. and Schweger, S. (2014). Habitat and landscape attributes influencing spider assemblages at lowland forest river valley (Hungary). North-Western Journal of Zoology, 10 (1): 36-41.
20. Halaj, J., Ross, D. W. and Moldenke, A. R. (1998). Habitat structure and prey availability as predictors of the abundance and community organization of spiders in western Oregon forest canopies. Journal of Arachnology, 26: 203-220.
21. Hammer, Ø., Harper, D. A. and Ryan, P. D. (2001). PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica, 4 (1): 1-9.
22. Hughes, B. D. (1978). The influence of factors other than pollution on the value of Shannon's diversity index for benthic macro-invertebrates in streams. Water Research, 12 (5): 359-364. [DOI:10.1016/0043-1354(78)90124-0]
23. Kaltsas, D., Panayiotou, E., Kougioumoutzis, K. and Chatzaki, M. (2019). Overgrazed shrublands support high taxonomic, functional and temporal diversity of Mediterranean ground spider assemblages. Ecological Indicators, 103: 599-609. [DOI:10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.04.024]
24. Kapoor, V. (2008). Effects of rainforest fragmentation and shade-coffee plantations on spider communities in the Western Ghats, India. Journal of Insect Conservation, 12 (1): 53-68. [DOI:10.1007/s10841-006-9062-5]
25. Khan, M. S., Wajid, M., Abbas, T. A., Farooq, Z., Akhtar, M. S., Kaleem, M. and Khan, A. (2017). Change in the population dynamics of spiders with the seasonal variations in the Sugarcane fields. Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, 156: 156-162.
26. Lawania, K. K., Trigunayat, K. and Trigunayat, M. M. (2013). Spiders in mosquito control. International Journal of Environmental Engineering and Management, 4 (6): 609-616.
27. León-Cortés, J. L., Pérez-Espinoza, F., Marín, L. and Molina-Martínez, A. (2004). Complex habitat requirements and conservation needs of the only extant Baroniinae swallowtail butterfly. Animal Conservation, 7 (3): 241-250. [DOI:10.1017/S1367943004001283]
28. Lia, M., Rauf, A. and Hindayana, D. (2022). Comparisons of the composition of spider assemblages in three vegetation habitats in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 23 (1): 244-255. [DOI:10.13057/biodiv/d230130]
29. Majumder, S. C. and Tikader, B. K. (1991). Studies on some spiders of the family Clubionidae from India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper, 102: 1-175.
30. Mammola, S., Cardoso, P., Ribera, C., Pavlek, M. and Isaia, M. (2018). A synthesis on cave‐dwelling spiders in Europe. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 56 (3): 301-316. [DOI:10.1111/jzs.12201]
31. Marc, P., Canard, A. and Ysnel, F. (1999). Spiders (Araneae) useful for pest limitation and bioindication. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 74 (1-3): 229-273. [DOI:10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00038-9]
32. Mathew, M. J., Sudhikumar, A. V. and Joseph, J. (2009). Natural history and bioecology, In: Sebastian, P. A. and Peter, K. V. (Eds.), Spiders of India. Universities Press (India) Pvt. Ltd., India. pp. 40-63.
33. Michalko, R., Pekár, S., Dul'a, M. and Entling, M. H. (2019). Global patterns in the biocontrol efficacy of spiders: A meta-analysis. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 28 (9): 1366-1378. [DOI:10.1111/geb.12927]
34. Milano, F., Blick, T., Cardoso, P., Chatzaki, M., Fukushima, C. S., Gajdoš, P., Gibbons, A. T., Henriques, S., Macías-Hernández, N., Mammola, S., Nentwig, W., Nolan, M., Pétillon, J., Polchaninova, N., Řezáč, M., Sandström, J., Smith, H., Wiśniewski, K. and Isaia, M. (2021). Spider conservation in Europe: a review. Biological Conservation, 256: 109020. [DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109020]
35. Nautiyal, S., Khan, Y. I., Kachele, H. and Bhaskar, K. (2017). Diversity and distribution of spiders in Gogi, Yadgir District: a semi-arid landscape in southern India. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 43 (3): 195-204.
36. Nyffeler, M. and Birkhofer, K. (2017). An estimated 400-800 million tons of prey are annually killed by the global spider community. The Science of Nature, 104 (3): 1-12. [DOI:10.1007/s00114-017-1440-1] [PMID] [PMCID]
37. Palem, H., Kanike, S. and Purushottam, V. R. S. (2017). Diversity of spider fauna (Arachnida: Araneae) in different ecosystems, Eastern Ghats, Southern Andhra Pradesh, India. South Asian Journal of Life Sciences, 4 (2): 51-60. [DOI:10.14737/journal.sajls/2016/4.2.51.60]
38. Pearce, J. L. and Venier, L. A. (2006). The use of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and spiders (Araneae) as bioindicators of sustainable forest management: A review. Ecological Indicators, 6 (4): 780-793. [DOI:10.1016/j.ecolind.2005.03.005]
39. Prasad, A. K., Roy, S., Sen, S., Neave, S., Nagpal, A. and Pandit, V. (2020). Impact of different pest management practices on natural enemy population in tea plantations of Assam special emphasis on spider fauna. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 40 (3): 629-635. [DOI:10.1007/s42690-020-00111-0]
40. Prószyński, J. (1992). Salticidae (Araneae) of India in the collection of the Hungarian National Natural History Museum in Budapest, Annales Zoologici, Warszawa, 44: 165-277.
41. Prószyński, J. (2019). Monograph of the Salticidae (Araneae) of the world. Global species database of Salticidae (Araneae). Available at https://salticidae.pl/ (Accessed 28 April 2023).
42. Raghul, S., Kumar, K. and Vaitheeswari, K. (2022). Diversity of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) in horticultural ecosystem at Karaikal, UT of Puducherry. Journal of Entomological Research, 46 (3): 642-649. [DOI:10.5958/0974-4576.2022.00111.6]
43. Rajeevan, S., Kunnath, S. M., Varghese, T. and Kandambeth, P. P. (2019). Spider diversity (Arachnida: Araneae) in different ecosystems of the Western Ghats, Wayanad region, India. South Asian Journal of Life Science, 7 (2): 29-39. [DOI:10.17582/journal.sajls/2019/7.2.29.39]
44. Rajendran, R., Kaliyaperumal, S. and Periyasamy, K. (2017). Diversity and distribution of spider (Araneae) in different ecosystem of Puthanampatti, Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, South India. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 8 (10): 1056-1060.
45. Rasool, S., Rasool, T. and Gani, K. M. (2022). A review of interactions of pesticides within various interfaces of intrinsic and organic residue amended soil environment. Chemical Engineering Journal Advances, 11: 100301. [DOI:10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100301]
46. Rendón, M. A. P., Ibarra-Nú, G., Parra-Tabla, V., García-Ballinas, J. A. and Hénaut, Y. (2006). Spider diversity in coffee plantations with different management in Southeast Mexico. The Journal of Arachnology, 34 (1): 104-112. [DOI:10.1636/M03-044.1]
47. Robertson, M. P., Harris, K. R., Coetzee, J. A., Foxcroft, L. C., Dippenaar-Schoeman, A. S. and Van Rensburg, B. J. (2011). Assessing local scale impacts of Opuntia stricta (Cactaceae) invasion on beetle and spider diversity in Kruger National Park, South Africa. African Zoology, 46 (2): 205-223. [DOI:10.3377/004.046.0202]
48. Rodriguez-Artigas, S. M., Ballester, R. and Corronca, J. A. (2016). Factors that influence the beta-diversity of spider communities in northwestern Argentinean Grasslands. PeerJ, 4: e1946. [DOI:10.7717/peerj.1946] [PMID] [PMCID]
49. Sebastian, P. A. and Peter, K. V. (Eds.). (2009). Spiders of India. Universities Press (India) Pvt. Ltd., India. 614 pp.
50. Sen, S., Sudhin, P. P., Bera, C., Jwala, R., Subramanian, K. A. and Sureshan, P. M. (2022). Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Kanyakumari Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 122 (2): 187-197.
51. Sethi, V. D. and Tikader, B. K. (1988). Studies on some giant crab spiders of the family Heteropodidae from India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Miscellaneous Publication. 93: 1-94.
52. Sharma, S., Vyas, A. and Sharma, R. (2010). Diversity and abundance of spider fauna of Narmada River at Rajghat (Barwani) (Madhya Pradesh) India. Researcher, 2 (11): 1-5.
53. Skerl, K. L. (1999). Spiders in conservation planning: a survey of US natural heritage programs. Journal of Insect Conservation, 3: 341-347. [DOI:10.1023/A:1009641620689]
54. Smitha, M. S. and Sudhikumar, A. V. (2020). A diversity of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from a cashew ecosystem in Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 12 (13): 16879-16884. [DOI:10.11609/jott.5973.12.13.16879-16884]
55. Sørensen, L. L. (2004). Composition and diversity of the spider fauna in the canopy of a montane forest in Tanzania. Biodiversity and Conservation, 13 (2): 437-452. [DOI:10.1023/B:BIOC.0000006510.49496.1e]
56. Sugumaran, M. P., Soundararajan, R. P. and Lakshmanan, V. (2007). Spider fauna in the horticultural crops of Yercaud hills. Zoos' Print Journal, 22 (6): 2721-2722. [DOI:10.11609/JoTT.ZPJ.1598.2721-2]
57. Tanaka, K. (1989). Energetic cost of web construction and its effect on web relocation in the web-building spider Agelena limbata. Oecologia, 81 (4): 459-464. [DOI:10.1007/BF00378952] [PMID]
58. Tikader, B. K. (1987). Handbook of spiders. Zoological Survey of India, India. 251 pp.
59. Tikader, B. K. and Biswas, B. (1981). Spider fauna of Calcutta and vicinity. Part I. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper, 30: 1-148.
60. Tikader, B. K. and Malhotra, M. S. (1980). Fauna of India, spiders thomisidae. Zoological Survey of India, 1 (2): 248-447.
61. Uetz, G. W., Halaj, J. and Cady, A. B. (1999). Guild structure of spiders in major crops. Journal of Arachnology, 27: 270-280.
62. Veeramani, A., Abinaya, D., Ennavan, V., Bhuvaneshwaran, N., Ravichandran, S. and Pazhanisamy, S. (2023). Assemblage of spiders diversity- an agent of biological control of agricultural pests. Journal of Applied Entomologist, 3 (1): 01-06.
63. Wale, M. and Yesuf, S. (2022). Abundance and diversity of soil arthropods in disturbed and undisturbed ecosystem in Western Amhara, Ethiopia. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 42 (1): 767-781. [DOI:10.1007/s42690-021-00600-w]
64. Walia, S. S., Kaur, T. and Dhawan, A. K. (2022). Organic farming: prospects and constraints: a review. Indian Journal of Ecology, 49 (3): 1129-1151.
65. Wise, D. H. (1995). Spiders in ecological webs. Cambridge University Press, UK. 327 pp.
66. World Spider Catalog (2023). World Spider Catalog. Version 24. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (Accessed 11 May 2023).
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
| Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb